EUROASIA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES

Mediation in Reinstatement Lawsuits and Issues Encountered in Practice

Ali Barbaros DEMİRKOL, İbrahim SUBAŞI — Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Mediation, as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism, was introduced into Turkish law by the Law on Mediation in Civil Disputes No. 6325, which entered into force on 22 June 2013. Following the enactment of the Law on Labor Courts No. 7036, mediation became a mandatory condition for bringing certain types of labor disputes before the courts. The legislator thereby aimed to reduce the caseload of the courts. One such dispute concerns reinstatement proceedings, in which employees file lawsuits requesting reemployment.

In this study, the concept, historical background, and characteristics of mediation are briefly examined. Subsequently, the practice of mediation in reinstatement cases and the legal issues frequently encountered in practice are discussed, along with proposed solutions to such problems.

An Evaluation of Beverage Culture throughout History from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic

Ferit YÜCEBAŞ, Ferit Ercan YARGUN — Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0300

While the fundamental origin of beverage culture is a biological need, over time, this need has transcended mere survival and evolved into a source of pleasure and enjoyment. Beverages, vital for their nutritional value and water content, have gradually acquired a diversity that appeals to the palate. Geographical conditions, local flora, socio-cultural structure, trade, and technological advances have played a decisive role in this transformation. Beverages, shaped along this historical trajectory stretching from the Ottoman Empire to the present, have gained a permanent place in Turkish cuisine and hold a significant place in social preferences. Special venues, identified with their names, where these beverages are consumed have emerged as part of this cultural structure. Starting with traditional herbal beverages, technological advances and social transformations have led to both diversification and qualitative changes in beverage types. However, these developments have also been accompanied by negative impacts such as the loss of naturalness and the weakening of cultural authenticity. Today's widespread understanding of easy access, fast consumption, and industrial production has simplified and commercialized the rich beverage culture of the past. Therefore, while today's beverage culture strives to preserve traditional tastes from the past, it is also undergoing a radical transformation under the influence of modern life.

The Analysis of the Relationship Between East and West in Orhan Pamuk’s Whıte Castle Through Lévi-Strauss’s Method of Binary Oppositions

Ela OCAK YELTEKİN, Aydın GÖRMEZ — Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Binary opposition is a major concept in structuralism, which posits that distinctions form the basis of all language and thought. French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss classifies the human mind using binary opposition, which refers to the distinctions between two opposing concepts that define society in terms of good and evil. This structuralist theory indicates that our understanding of certain words depends on the difference between the word and its opposite rather than the meaning they contain. Orhan Pamuk's most famous novel, White Castle, uses binary oppositions as world balancers. White Castle, considered a post-modern tale, is rich in binary opposition. The novel focuses on the east-west binary, cultural identity, and differences. The author addresses universal and historical issues, particularly the synthesis of east and west, which conveys two similar characters from opposite cultures, as well as other oppositions between these characters. This study aims to interpret east and west in terms of binary oppositions. Throughout the novel, the two contrasting characters attempt to understand each other's identities by focusing on binaries such as 'me' and 'other', 'east-west', and 'master-slave'. This article aims to explain how Pamuk examines the differences and similarities of these binaries in White Castle, in line with Levi Strauss' method of binary oppositions.

Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Policies in Southeast Asia: Toward a Regional Energy Governance Framework

Merve KÜÇÜK, Mohammad RUVI — Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0300

As Southeast Asia faces rising energy demand and climate vulnerability, renewable energy has emerged as a critical policy priority across the region. This chapter provides a comparative analysis of national renewable energy policies in selected ASEAN countries—including Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, and the Philippines—highlighting similarities, divergences, and the underlying political-economic drivers of energy transition strategies.
Drawing on the lens of international political economy, the chapter investigates how national interests, political institutions, and external partnerships shape renewable energy frameworks and influence implementation outcomes. Special attention is given to regional cooperation mechanisms under ASEAN, and the potential for developing a more cohesive and integrated energy governance structure that supports decarbonization while ensuring energy security.

The chapter further explores the role of multilateral initiatives, foreign direct investment, and public-private partnerships in supporting renewable energy development. It argues that while Southeast Asia has made progress in policy formulation, significant gaps remain in regulatory consistency, cross-border infrastructure, and regional financing instruments. By emphasizing both comparative policy analysis and regional integration, this chapter contributes to the broader understanding of how emerging economies navigate the transition to clean energy within a politically and economically interdependent global system.

Keywords: Renewable energy, Southeast Asia, energy policy, regional energy governance, international political economy

Atatürk and the Spırıt of Natıonal Struggle in Contemporary Turkish Painting: the Example of Paınter Avnı̇ Arbaş

Nagihan UYSAL, Sevda CEYLAN DADAKOĞLU — Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0300

With the establishment of the Republic, innovation movements started in the field of art as in every field. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, thought that the situation of a poor country emerging from the war could be developed through education and art, and in this direction, he prioritised and supported the development of Turkish Painting Art. In this research, the spirit of national struggle in the Atatürk portraits and paintings of Avni Arbaş, one of the pioneering painters of Contemporary Turkish Painting, who was raised by the young Turkey emerging from the years of difficult struggle, has been the subject of the research.Avni Arbaş was born in Istanbul in 1919 and lived in Anatolia for a while as the son of a soldier father who served alongside Atatürk in the Gallipoli War. He completed his high school and higher education in Istanbul. He died in 2003 at the age of 84 in Izmir.In 1937, he left Galatasaray High School to enter the middle part of the State Academy of Fine Arts, which is now Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University. He studied in the workshops of İbrahim Çallı and Leopold Levy. In 1946, he participated in the ‘Travels Abroad’ and went to Siirt. In 1951, the painter travelled to France and returned home in 1977. In his paintings, he depicted Atatürk and the spirit of national struggle with horse figures. The horses in his paintings have left a mark in the history of Contemporary Turkish Painting Art with their rebellious, warrior and enthusiastic expressions. Arbaş reflected expressionism in a poetic and enthusiastic style, not in a prescriptive manner. As a member of the Yeniler group, Arbaş did not favour an art detached from the public. Throughout his artistic life, he painted on the axis of nature and figure. He shaped his works depicting Atatürk by presenting scenes carrying the spirit of national struggle in his own language and understanding, far from the usual aesthetic moulds with his stainist understanding. In this study, document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Books, articles, postgraduate theses, newspaper news, data taken from the internet and interviews with the artist were the sources of the research. The findings obtained by analysing the ‘equestrian figures reflecting Atatürk and the spirit of national struggle’ in the works of the artist were interpreted. With his works, he adhered to the historical and cultural texture of the Turkish society and brought works that can be an example of the historical, cultural and artistic heritage of our country to future generations as an archive within the history of the Republic.